Source：Yunan University Area Studies, No .1, 2024

Abstract: The regional system refers to an organic whole formed by the interaction and mutual influence of closely linked actors in the region according to certain rules， which mainly includes regional actors， regional pattern and regional order. For a long time， the Middle East regional system has typical characteristics of dependence and conflict， which made it become one of the regions with the most serious security deficit， development deficit and governance deficit in the world. The Middle East regional system is undergoing profound changes in transformation and reconstruction since the “Arab Spring” happened in 2011， especially in recent years. From the perspective of the influence of great power on the Middle East， with the strategic contraction of the U.S.， the influence of great powers on the Middle East has evolved from unipolar hegemony to multi-polarization. From the perspective of regional pattern， the international relations in the Middle East have seen a “reconciliation wave” in the form of easing dialogue due to the serious overdraft of regional powers. For the perspective of regional actors， the strategic autonomy of Middle Eastern countries has been significantly enhanced. In response to the Russia-Ukraine conflict， the Middle Eastern countries have made rational choices based on their own national interests，adopted relatively neutral positions， and sought to balance between the U.S. and Russia. In the perspective of international status and influence， as an important part of the “Global South”， the Middle East countries are key forces and important partners for the countries of the “Global South” to engage in political， security and development cooperation.

Keywords: Middle East， Regional System， Multi-polarization， Regional Reconciliation， Strategic Autonomy